Glossary - Door Closer

Definition

A Door Closer is a mechanical device designed to close a door automatically after it has been opened, either manually or through another mechanism. It ensures that doors close securely to maintain fire safety, privacy, and energy efficiency. Door closers are essential components in residential, commercial, and public buildings, especially in fire doors where automatic closing is a critical safety feature.

What They Are

Door closers come in various types, including overhead, concealed, surface mounted, and floor-spring models. Each type is chosen based on the door’s usage, weight, size, and aesthetic requirements. These devices use hydraulic, pneumatic, or spring mechanisms to control the speed and force of the door closing, preventing it from slamming or staying open.

How They Work

The functionality of door closers involves several key mechanisms:

• Control Arms and Tracks: These guide the door’s movement as it opens and closes, ensuring it follows a controlled path.

• Hydraulic or Pneumatic Fluid: Many door closers use fluids to control the speed and force of the door closing. Adjusting the flow of this fluid within the closer can alter the closing speed and force.

• Spring Action: Springs within the door closer provide the necessary force to close the door. The tension on these springs can often be adjusted to match the door's weight and the desired closing speed.

Benefits to the User

• Safety: In the context of fire doors, automatic closing is crucial for preventing the spread of fire and smoke, enhancing the building's overall safety.

• Longevity of Door Frames and Structures: By controlling the force of the door closing, door closers can help reduce wear and tear on the door frame and hinges, prolonging their lifespan.